Question: How much water is used for beer brewing?

On average, 298 litres of water are needed to brew 1 litre of beer, but most of this water is used in crop production. A brewery typically uses between 4–10 litres of water for every litre of beer, although some leading breweries are managing to use less than 3 litres per litre of beer. This figure is known as the water–to–beer ratio (hl/hl beer) and includes brew water, CIP water, rinse water, cooling water, boiler water and service water. By improving water efficiency through technologies such as reverse osmosis (RO), and reusing water — for example, in bottle rinsing — breweries can significantly reduce both their water consumption and environmental impact.